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Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic whose use is limited due to its high risk of bone marrow toxicity. Oral or intravenous administration in 3 to 4 daily doses.
It is excreted in breast milk in very small amounts (Matsuda 1984, Plomp 1983, Havelka 1968), much lower than those used in pediatrics and neonatology.
Feeding refusal, drowsiness, vomiting and abdominal distension due to gas have been reported in infants under 15 days of age whose mothers took oral chloramphenicol. (Havelka 1972)
Although a case of aplastic anemia induced by chloramphenicol taken through breast milk has never been reported (WHO 2002), this serious complication of chloramphenicol is independent of the dose administered.
To be used during lactation only in absolutely necessary cases, avoiding it during the neonatal period and in case of prematurity. (Nahum 2006, WHO 2002)