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It promotes pancreatic insulin secretion by inhibiting the DPP-4 enzyme that degrades the gut hormones GLP-1 and GIP involved in physiological glucose regulation, which are activated by eating (EMA 2016, Baetta 2011, Scheen 2011). Oral administration, once daily.
At the time of last update, we found no published data on its excretion in breast milk.
Its pharmacokinetic data (EMA 2016, Scheen 2011) and those of its active metabolite (low molecular weight and negligible protein binding) make it likely to pass into milk at a concentration that could be significant, although its high volume of distribution would make this difficult.
Breastfed infants should be monitored clinically and analytically (blood glucose) during maternal treatment with linagliptin. (Berlin 2005)
Common side effects are upper respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, gastrointestinal disorders and headache (EMA, 2016). Very low risk of hypoglycaemia in monotherapy. Very low frequency of clinically significant side effects. Up to 80 times the normal dose for 2 weeks produced no side effects. (EMA, 2016)
Pending further published data on this drug in relation to breastfeeding, safer known alternatives may be preferable, especially during the neonatal period and in case of prematurity.
Diet, exercise and breastfeeding improve blood glucose levels.
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