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Birth control pill that contains the combination of an estrogen (Mestranol) and a progestin (Norethynodrel) for oral use. It was the first marketed contraceptive (1959).
Currently withdrawn from market.
Mestranol is a synthetic estrogen that is metabolized to Ethinylestradiol with similar actions as estradiol. A latest update no published data on excretion in breast milk, found were found. However, it is known that its metabolite Ethinylestradiol is excreted into milk in no or small amount.
There is evidence (albeit inconsistent) that estrogen-containing pills may decrease milk production, especially during the first few weeks postpartum with a daily dose above 30 micrograms of ethinyl estradiol.
It may reduce the protein content of the milk.
No problems have been observed in infants whose mothers were treated, except one isolated case of transient gynecomastia.
Norethynodrel is a progestin drug similar to Norethinondrone. It is excreted into breast milk in clinically non-significant amount and no problems have been observed in infants whose mothers were treated with it. Its plasma levels in these infants were undetectable or very low.
Currently, studies have not found differences on the frequency of breastfeeding or the amount of milk produced or weight gain of breastfed infants compared to other contraceptive methods (intrauterine devices, isolated progestogens). However, it would be advisable to avoid them until breastfeeding is well established (4-6 weeks).
During lactation, progestin-only contraceptive pills are preferred to Estrogen containing ones, otherwise, the lowest estrogen dose should be used.
Within the first 6 postpartum weeks, non-hormonal methods are in the first line of choice.
Hormone containing contraceptives do not affect the composition of milk, minerals (Mg, Fe, Cu, Ca, P) fat, lactose and calories but only a few the proteins.