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Benzene derivative used topically in 2-4% creams and solutions as a skin bleaching agent in various skin disorders associated with hyperpigmentation. Used in industry as a photographic developer.
At the date of last update we found no published data on its excretion in breast milk.
It is well absorbed through the skin, not only as a therapeutic agent (Bucks 1998, Wester 1998, Westerhof 2005, Andersen 2010, Bozzo 2011), but also in industrial use (Barber 1995, McGregor 2007), but significant passage into milk is unlikely due to its lack of liposolubility.
There is controversy and doubts about its possible mutagenic and carcinogenic effect (Kooyers 2004, FDA 2006, Levitt 2007, Andersen 2010), so it does not seem prudent to use it chronically or continuously during breastfeeding. (Yaghi 2024)
If used, do not apply to the breast to avoid ingestion by the infant; if necessary, apply after a feeding and clean thoroughly with water before the next feeding. Do not apply over large areas or for prolonged periods to avoid excessive systemic absorption.
At the level of occupational risk to the breastfeeding mother (INSST 2025, EC Regulation 2008), only two risk phrases (former R-phrases, now Hazard H-phrases) or precautionary phrases (P-phrases) in the safety data sheet of a product are relevant for breastfeeding:
Six other phrases to consider during breastfeeding relate to the carcinogenic, mutagenic or cumulative potential of a product:
Hydroquinone has the phrase H351 (INSST 2025), so it will be necessary to remove the breastfeeding mother from her workplace, and it is not enough for the company to comply with the legal requirements of maximum environmental exposure values: VLA-ED < 2 mg/m3 (INSHT 2025, Flickinger 1976) and for the worker to comply with the recommended rules of prudence (gloves, hand washing, change of clothes, etc.).
According to current European regulations (EC Regulation 2008), when a product is carcinogenic and mutagenic, working nursing mothers must not be exposed to mixtures, whether of solids, liquids or gases, with concentration limits higher than 0.3%.