Fern

Polypodium leucotomos is a species of fern in the family Polypodiaceae. The South American species is known locally as “calaguala” or lizard grass; extracts from the root of this fern are called “anapsos”. They contain calagualin, polypodin, phenolic compounds, quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, fatty acids and tannins. Traditional use in Central and South America and Europe in multiple conditions, both orally to treat bronchitis, as well as topically on the skin in psoriasis, atopic eczema, vitiligo or melasma. Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, photoprotective and immunomodulatory properties are attributed to it ^{(Fototerapia.net, Salazar 2024, Segars 2021, Berman 2016)}, but there is insufficient evidence of its efficacy ^{(Searle 2021, Choudhry 2014, MurciaSalud 2006)}. Other types of ferns would have similar properties and uses.

At the time of the last update we found no published data on its excretion in breast milk.

Except for possible gastric irritation and sedation, it lacks toxicity, but it can enhance the sedative, hypotensive or cardiotonic effects of drugs or other plants, so they should not be consumed together, nor abuse or exceed the prescribed dose and much less during lactation.

It is a medication considered of low therapeutic usefulness. ^{(INSALUD 2001)}

The low plasma absorption of most topical dermatological preparations makes the passage of significant amounts into breast milk unlikely. The topical use of anapsos on the skin can be considered safe during lactation.